【AWS】CloudFormationのお勉強_サンプルテンプレートから"Resource"を読み解く

Posted: 2017-12-25

背景

今更ですが、CloudFormationのお勉強をしています。CloudFormationは使いこなせばすごく便利だと(想像で)考えているのですが、実際に触ると難しいので敬遠してました。
しかしそろそろ使えるようにならねば！と一念発起し勉強してみました。

(前提)CloudFormationとは

AWSが提供する機能の一つです。テンプレートと言う「リソースの集合体」を管理できる機能です。(リソースとは、EC2インスタンスであったりElasticIPであったりSecurityGroupであったり、AWSが提供するサービス一つ一つのことです)
こいつを使うと、自動デプロイが容易になったりオートスケールさせたりといい事ずくめなのですが、使うのが難しいです。

今回の内容

AWSが提供する「Ruby On Rails stuck」というサンプルテンプレートから、インスタンス構築に必要な"Resource"というパラメータを読み解いてみます

必要なパラメータ

まず１階層目のパラメータを読み解くと

$ cat template.json | jq ". | keys"
[
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion",
  "Description",
  "Mappings",
  "Outputs",
  "Parameters",
  "Resources"
]

それぞれ、以下のような役割です。重要な順に説明します。

Resources: リソースの構築に必要なパラメータ(後述)
Parameters: 構築時に設定する可変パラメータ。入力できる項目はResourcesで定義
Outputs: 構築完了時に出力する内容(例: CF内で確保したElasticIPとか)
Mappings: 可変パラメータに対応して他のパラメータも設定する場合のリスト
Description: 説明
AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 書式のバージョン(ほぼ固定値と考えてOK)

では本題のResourcesに入ろうと思います。

Resources

管理するリソースを定義する部分。このテンプレートで言うとEC2インスタンスとセキュリティグループの2つが出てきます。

$ cat template.json | jq ".Resources | keys"
[
  "WebServer",
  "WebServerSecurityGroup"
]

次にこのWebServerの中身を見ていきます。

$ cat template.json | jq ".Resources.WebServer | keys"
[
  "CreationPolicy",
  "Metadata",
  "Properties",
  "Type"
]

この4つが定義されています。この中身をみてみましょう。

CreationPolicy
このテンプレートではタイムアウト値が定義されています。

$ cat template.json | jq ".Resources.WebServer.CreationPolicy"
{
  "ResourceSignal": {
    "Timeout": "PT30M"
  }
}

Type
リソースのタイプが定義されています。なので、ここにはEC2インスタンスであることが書かれています。

$ cat template.json | jq ".Resources.WebServer.Type"
"AWS::EC2::Instance"

Properties
インスタンス作成に必要なパラメータが定義されています。

$ cat template.json | jq ".Resources.WebServer.Properties | keys"
[
  "ImageId",
  "InstanceType",
  "KeyName",
  "SecurityGroups",
  "UserData"
]

もう少し詳細に見てみましょう

$ cat template.json | jq ".Resources.WebServer.Properties "
{
  "ImageId": {
    "Fn::FindInMap": [
      "AWSRegionArch2AMI",
      {
        "Ref": "AWS::Region"
      },
      {
        "Fn::FindInMap": [
          "AWSInstanceType2Arch",
          {
            "Ref": "InstanceType"
          },
          "Arch"
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "InstanceType": {
    "Ref": "InstanceType"
  },
  "SecurityGroups": [
    {
      "Ref": "WebServerSecurityGroup"
    }
  ],
  "KeyName": {
    "Ref": "KeyName"
  },
  "UserData": {
    "Fn::Base64": {
      "Fn::Join": [
        "",
        [
          "#!/bin/bash -xe\n",
          "yum update -y aws-cfn-bootstrap\n",
          "/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v ",
          "         --stack ",
          {
            "Ref": "AWS::StackId"
          },
          "         --resource WebServer ",
          "         --configsets full_install ",
          "         --region ",
          {
            "Ref": "AWS::Region"
          },
          "\n",
          "/opt/aws/bin/cfn-signal -e $? ",
          "         --stack ",
          {
            "Ref": "AWS::StackId"
          },
          "         --resource WebServer ",
          "         --region ",
          {
            "Ref": "AWS::Region"
          },
          "\n"
        ]
      ]
    }
  }
}

インスタンスのイメージIDなどが定義されています。ここで定義された情報を元にインスタンスはデプロイされるということです。

metadata
ここには初期設定の内容が定義されています。

$ cat template.json | jq ".Resources.WebServer.Metadata | keys"
[
  "AWS::CloudFormation::Init"
]

$ cat template.json | jq '.Resources.WebServer.Metadata."AWS::CloudFormation::Init" | keys'
[
  "configSets",
  "configure_mysql",
  "install_application",
  "install_cfn",
  "install_mysql",
  "install_ruby_2_3_1"
]

このようになっています。このconfigSetsに設定作業一覧が定義されており、それ以降に具体的な作業内容(コマンド)が定義されています。
ここではDBのセットアップなどの作業が書かれています。

$ cat template.json | jq '.Resources.WebServer.Metadata."AWS::CloudFormation::Init".configSets'
{
  "full_install": [
    "install_cfn",
    "install_ruby_2_3_1",
    "install_mysql",
    "configure_mysql",
    "install_application"
  ]
}

$ cat template.json | jq '.Resources.WebServer.Metadata."AWS::CloudFormation::Init".configure_mysql'
{
  "commands": {
    "01_set_mysql_root_password": {
      "command": {
        "Fn::Join": [
          "",
          [
            "mysqladmin -u root password '",
            {
              "Ref": "DBRootPassword"
            },
            "'"
          ]
        ]
      },
      "test": {
        "Fn::Join": [
          "",
          [
            "$(mysql ",
            {
              "Ref": "DBName"
            },
            " -u root --password='",
            {
              "Ref": "DBRootPassword"
            },
            "' >/dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null); (( $? != 0 ))"
          ]
        ]
      }
    },
    "02_create_database": {
      "command": {
        "Fn::Join": [
          "",
          [
            "mysql -u root --password='",
            {
              "Ref": "DBRootPassword"
            },
            "' < /tmp/setup.mysql"
          ]
        ]
      },
      "test": {
        "Fn::Join": [
          "",
          [
            "$(mysql ",
            {
              "Ref": "DBName"
            },
            " -u root --password='",
            {
              "Ref": "DBRootPassword"
            },
            "' >/dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null); (( $? != 0 ))"
          ]
        ]
      }
    },
    "03_cleanup": {
      "command": "rm /tmp/setup.mysql"
    }
  }
}

こんな感じになります。
この内容は初歩の初歩ですが、これさえ理解すればとりあえずインスタンスを立てるということはできそうです。

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Las subvenciones existentes de la industria se centran en proporcionar asistencia a empresas establecidas en Colorado para seguir siendo competitivas dentro Cryptocurrency tax redit su industria, para adaptarse a nuevas tecnologГas y para prevenir despidos de trabajo. Fecha lГmite para solicitudes: julio y Cryptocurrency tax redit. MicrocrГ©ditos de Colorado : El Programa de MicrocrГ©ditos de Colorado otorga pequeГ±os prГ©stamos a empresas pequeГ±as y emprendedoras que no cuentan con el apoyo de los prГ©stamos tradicionales. Cryptocurrency wallet solutions.
Best cryptocurrency research. Therefore, it might be an especially good year to sell property that you have held for 12 months or longer. Your interactions with our Website and Services : As is true of most websites, we gather certain information automatically. However, if your partnership agreement requires that you cover certain partnership expenses out-of-pocket, you may be able to dedu Terminado hace 2 meses. La retenciГіn fiscal de cheques de pago normalmente no tiene en cuenta fuentes de ingresos, como bonos anuales o vacaciones, dividendos, o venta de bienes raГces u otras propiedades con beneficios. Iowa Smart Check: review county and school district are matching. This means that two parties can make commitments via blockchain, without having to know or trust each other. DiseГ±adores de todo el mundo presentaron su magia del diseГ±o. However, the fluctuations in their value have ultimately rendered them highly risky investments, and not ideal for making payments. Please refer to the date at the top of this page to determine when this Policy was last revised. En ese caso, puedes buscar a travГ©s de nuestras carteras de diseГ±adores y encontrar tu pareja perfecta. IRS rules require that you separate utility expenses that apply to only the residential portions of your home such as cooking gas or electricity used by your refrigerator from those that pertain to the entire property. If you are making quarterly estimated tax payments to the IRS, the due date for the September 1 вЂ” December 31 quarter of the previous year is January 15, Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin has stated that Businesses that borrow money through the PPP may expect compliance audits before their loans are forgiven. If two or more members of your household are enrolled in qualifying post-seconda Recovery is usually a more gradual process. No puedo encontrar mi cГіdigo de licencia. If you would like to correct or update your personal information, you can manage your profile and subscriptions through our Privacy Center under the " My Account " dashboard. View per page 15 25 Un profesional fiscal experimentado puede ayudarte a determinar las implicaciones fiscales de los ingresos que recibiste a finales de In an ICO, teams generate blockchain-based tokens to sell to early supporters. Our target audience is r. In most cases, partners aren't allowed to deduct unreimbursed partnership expenses UPE on their personal tax returns. Similarly, an expense that results in a sizable tax deduction during a lower-income year might not be deduct Usar Windows Update te ayuda a The total trading volume on exchanges was so high that computers of the time were incapable of handling the sudden high load. Staking is the process of holding funds in a cryptocurrency wallet to support the operations of a blockchain network. By the time a transaction settles, coins can be worth significantly more or less than they were at the time they were sent. La base de costo es el costo original de compra de los activos por ejemplo, acciones, bonos o bienes sumado a todo ajuste que corresponda a partir de las transacciones realizadas durante el tiempo que tuviste la posesiГіn de dicho activo. When relaunching the program will flash the verifying updates screen and disappear. Quarterly Estimated Tax Payments - Reminder If you are making quarterly estimated tax payments to the IRS, the due date for the September 1 вЂ” December 31 quarter of the previous year is January 15, The crash had a significant impact on global markets as well. Bono de bienvenida. Overcoming Alcohol Addiction: How do I stop drinking, the costs and benefits of drinking, Set goals and prepare for change, quitting alcohol altogether, accomplish your goals, treatment option feb 28, How many people around the world invest in cryptocurrency. Military barracks mining cryptocurrency Bitcoin wallet transaction tracker.
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